Fractional distillation is used in separation of crude oil instead
Of simple distillation, why?
Fractional distillation is used in separation of crude oil instead
Of simple distillation, why?
Simple Distillation:
This is the technique which is used to separate the components presents in the liquid mixture with based on their boiling point or vapour pressure.
In simple Distillation the boiling point difference between the components are too high, so we can easily separate the components. For example ethanol is mixed with water. The boiling point of ethanol is 78.3 7 degree Celsius at 1 atm pressure.The boiling point of water is 100 degree Celsius at 1 atm pressure.Because of the large difference in boiling point we can easily separate the ethanol on the top of the column.
Fractional distillation:
This technique is mostly used when liquid mixture has too many components with boiling point difference less than 25 degree Celsius.
We can't separate this type of liquid mixture with simple Distillation.If we use the simple Distillation for this mixture the purity of the product will be very low. That's why we are going for the fractionating column.
Simple Distillation:
This is the technique which is used to separate the components presents in the liquid mixture with based on their boiling point or vapour pressure.
In simple Distillation the boiling point difference between the components are too high, so we can easily separate the components. For example ethanol is mixed with water. The boiling point of ethanol is 78.3 7 degree Celsius at 1 atm pressure.The boiling point of water is 100 degree Celsius at 1 atm pressure.Because of the large difference in boiling point we can easily separate the ethanol on the top of the column.
Fractional distillation:
This technique is mostly used when liquid mixture has too many components with boiling point difference less than 25 degree Celsius.
We can't separate this type of liquid mixture with simple Distillation.If we use the simple Distillation for this mixture the purity of the product will be very low. That's why we are going for the fractionating column.
