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Hydration Enthalpy and Lattice Enthalpy (Group 2)

From the coll...

Question

From the colligative properties of solution which one is the best method for the determination of molar mass of proteins and polymers :

A

osmotic pressure

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B

lowering in vapour pressure

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C

lowering in freezing point

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D

elevation in boiling point

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Solution

The correct option is A osmotic pressure
Osmotic pressure is the best method for the determination of molar mass of proteins and polymers.Because a small amount of solute will produce a much larger change in this quantity than in the boiling point, freezing point, or vapor pressure. even a 106 molar solution would have a measurable osmotic pressure. Molecular weight determinations are very frequently made on proteins or other high molecular weight polymers. These substances, owing to their large molecular size, tend to be only sparingly soluble in most solvents, so measurement of osmotic pressure is often the only practical way of determining their molecular weights.

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Q. From the colligative properties of solution which one is the best method for the determination of mol. wt of proteins & polymers.

Q. Consider the following statements and arrange in the order of true/false as given in the codes.

S_{1}

: Vapour pressure is a colligative property.

S_{2}

: Freezing point of a solution is always lower than that of the pure solvent.

S_{3}

: Acetic acid undergoes association in benzene. The molar mass of acetic acid, determined by elevation of boiling point is always higher than its normal molar mass.

S_{4}

: Osmotic pressure measurements can be used for determination of molar mass of polymers.

Q. Give reasons for the following :

(a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.

(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.

(c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCI solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.

Q. Give reasons for the following :

(a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.

(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.

(c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCI solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar solution.

Q. The experimental values of colligative properties of many solutes in solution resembles calculated values of colligative properties.
However in some cases, the experimental values of colligative properties differ widely than those obtained by calculations. Such experimental values of colligative properties are known as abnormal values of colligative properties. The causes for abnormal values of colligative properties are:
(i) Dissociation of solute: It increases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dissociation of

KCl, NaCl

H_{2} O

.
(ii) Association of solute: It decreases the colligative properties.
e.g.: Dimerisation of acetic acid in benzene.

If the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte

A_{2} B_{3}

is 25% in a solvent, then:

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