Question

From the following proteins listed below, identify the one used to treat emphysema.

• A. α-lactalbumin
• B. α-1-antitrypsin
• C. streptokinase
• D. Insulin

Answer 1

The correct option is B α-1-antitrypsin

Emphysema is a serious lung condition where the alveolar sacs are damaged or swollen resulting in a reduced effective surface area for the gaseous exchange. Hence, it leads to the shortness of breath.

α-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is the genetic cause of emphysema. In such cases, protein therapy that involves getting infusions of α-1-antitrypsin can help slow down the lung damage.
α-1-antitrypsin has been produced successfully in transgenic animals.

Streptokinase has thrombolytic (blood clot-dissolving) properties. It is used for the treatment of myocardial infarction (heart attack which is caused by blockage of coronary arteries).

Insulin hormone maintains blood sugar levels. Insulin causes cells to uptake glucose from the bloodstream, hence lowering the sugar level in the blood.

Alpha-lactalbumin is a protein found in the mammalian milk. It is found in greater quantities in human breast milk than cow's milk. This protein plays a major role in the synthesis of the milk sugar, lactose.