The correct option is A 4
Factors of 12 =
1 x 12 , 2 x 6, 3 x 4, 4 x 3, 6 x 2, 12 x 1
So 1, 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 12 are the factors of 12
similarly factors of 16 =
1 x 16, 2 x 8 , 4 x 4, 8 x 2, 16 x 1
so 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 are the factors of 16
So all the common factors of 12 and 16 are = 2, 4
hence 4 is the highest common factor of 12 and 16