1
Question
From which of the following techniques early detection is not possible.
a. Serum analysis
b. PCR
c. ELISA
d. Urine analysis
e. Recombinant DNA technology
From which of the following techniques early detection is not possible.
a. Serum analysis
b. PCR
c. ELISA
d. Urine analysis
e. Recombinant DNA technology
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Solution
The correct option is C a and d
Serum analysis
Serum analysis refers to the detection of analytes such as glucose, ions, hormones and vitamins in the serum.
Serum has a fixed range of analytes present. Change in the concentration of analytes helps indicate the presence of a disease.
Thus, serum analysis is the conventional method of detecting a disease condition which cannot be used for early detection.
PCR
PCR is a technique to amplify the segments of DNA using a thermostable DNA polymerase.
A disease can be detected at early stages before the appearance of symptoms using PCR by identifying the DNA segments of the pathogen present inside the body.
DNA of a disease-causing pathogen is amplified millions of times by PCR and then detected using a specific probe.
ELISA
ELISA stands for Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay. The principle of ELISA involves studying antigen-antibody interaction and the specific identification of this complex.
The antibody formed in the body in response to the infection is detected by its interaction with the specific antigen. Later the antigen- antibody complex is identified using a secondary antibody, substrates and enzymes.
Urine analysis
Urine analysis includes detection of various disorders, urinary tract infections based on the composition, colour and concentration of analytes in urine.
Urine analysis was a conventional method to detect disorders such as diabetes, jaundice etc. before the invention of molecular diagnosis methods. It cannot be used for early detection.
Recombinant DNA technology
Recombinant DNA technology involves the joining of DNA molecules from two different organisms that are inserted into the host organism to produce new genetic combinations. It can provide precise diagnostic information about genetic diseases.
Final answer:
(b) a and d
Serum analysis
Serum analysis refers to the detection of analytes such as glucose, ions, hormones and vitamins in the serum.
Serum has a fixed range of analytes present. Change in the concentration of analytes helps indicate the presence of a disease.
Thus, serum analysis is the conventional method of detecting a disease condition which cannot be used for early detection.
PCR
PCR is a technique to amplify the segments of DNA using a thermostable DNA polymerase.
A disease can be detected at early stages before the appearance of symptoms using PCR by identifying the DNA segments of the pathogen present inside the body.
DNA of a disease-causing pathogen is amplified millions of times by PCR and then detected using a specific probe.
ELISA
ELISA stands for Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay. The principle of ELISA involves studying antigen-antibody interaction and the specific identification of this complex.
The antibody formed in the body in response to the infection is detected by its interaction with the specific antigen. Later the antigen- antibody complex is identified using a secondary antibody, substrates and enzymes.
Urine analysis
Urine analysis includes detection of various disorders, urinary tract infections based on the composition, colour and concentration of analytes in urine.
Urine analysis was a conventional method to detect disorders such as diabetes, jaundice etc. before the invention of molecular diagnosis methods. It cannot be used for early detection.
Recombinant DNA technology
Recombinant DNA technology involves the joining of DNA molecules from two different organisms that are inserted into the host organism to produce new genetic combinations. It can provide precise diagnostic information about genetic diseases.
Final answer:
(b) a and d
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