Question

Give a suitable word for each of the following statements.

(a) The site which responds to a hormone.

(b) Name of a gland that transports secretions through ducts.

(c) Chemicals that control changes at the adolescence stage.

(d) It marks the beginning of the reproductive period.

Answer 1

(a) Receptors:

1. Receptors are protein-based chemical structures used in biochemistry and pharmacology that receive and translate signals that may be incorporated into biological systems.
2. A distinct class of proteins called receptors work by attaching to a particular ligand molecule.
3. The receptor can change conformation when a ligand binds to it, sending a signal into the cell.
4. In some circumstances, the ligand will gradually diffuse away while the receptors stay attached to the cell's surface.

(b)Exocrine glands:

1. A gland that produces and releases bodily fluids such as saliva, perspiration, tears, milk, and digestive juices through a duct or other orifice to a body's surface.
2. Sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, and digestive glands in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines are a few examples of exocrine glands.
3. Exocrine glands produce chemicals into ducts, which then deliver them to target tissues' surfaces.

(c) Hormones:

1. Our bodies use hormones as chemical messengers.
2. They move to tissues or organs through our bloodstream.
3. They affect a variety of processes, including growth and development, slowly and over time.
4. Metabolism is the process by which our body converts food into energy.
5. Teenage hormones are the molecules responsible for the physical and sexual maturation that will last us through adolescence and into adulthood.
6. We'll notice that our emotions, moods, and sexual feelings are considerably stronger when these substances start to take control of our bodies.

(d) Puberty:

1. A child's body develops into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction during the process of puberty.
2. It begins with hormonal signals sent from the brain to the gonads—in the case of a boy, the testes; in the case of a girl, the ovaries.
3. Puberty is the term for the adolescent era of transformation.
4. Adolescence begins with the onset of puberty.
5. Reproductive maturity is complete at the end of adolescence or puberty.