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Chemical Properties of Ethers

Give any thre...

Question

Give any three methods of preparation of diethyl ether.

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Solution

Methods of preparing diethyl ether :
i) Williamson's Synthesis :
Heating alkyl halides with sodium or potassium alkoxide gives diethyl ether.
$C_{2} H_{5} B r + N a O C_{2} H_{5} \to C_{2} H_{5} - O - C_{2} H_{5} + N a B r d i e t h y l e t h e r$
ii) Intermolecular dehydration of alcohol When excess of alcohol is heated with con. $H_{2} S O_{4}$ , or $H_{3} P O_{4}$ ,Two molecules condense losing a molecule of Water forming ether.
$C_{2} H_{5} - O H + H - O - C_{2} H_{5} 413 K - ----- \to c o n H_{2} S O_{4} C_{2} H_{5} - O - C_{2} H_{5} d i e t h y l e t h e r$
iii) From alkyl halides :
By heating alkyl halides with dry silver oxide diethyl ether is prepared.
$C_{2} H_{5} - I + A g_{2} O + I - C_{2} H_{5} Δ \to C_{2} H_{5} O C_{2} H_{5} + 2 A g l d i e t h y l e t h e r$

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