Give balanced chemical equations for the following conversions.
$1, 2 - Dibromoethane \overset{A}{\to} Acetylene \overset{B}{\to} Silver acetylide$

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Solution

Step 1: Preparation of Acetylene:
When 1, 2- Dibromoethane is heated in the presence of Potassium hydroxide, it results in the formation of Acetylene $(C_{2} H_{2})$ , Potassium bromide, and water.
The common name of Acetylene is Ethyne.
The balanced chemical equation is represented as follows:
${BrH}_{2} C - {CH}_{2} Br (l) + 2 KOH (alc .) \overset{∆}{\to} CH \equiv CH (g) + 2 KBr (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) 1, 2 - Dibromoethane Potassium Acetylene Potassium hydroxide Bromide$

Step 2: Preparation of Silver acetylide :
Acetylene is a colorless gas.
When Acetylene is treated with Silver salt of Ammonia it results in the formation of Silver acetylide, Ammonia, and Ammonium chloride.
The balanced chemical reaction is represented as follows:
$CH \equiv CH (g) + 2 Ag [{({NH}_{3})}_{2}] Cl (s) \to AgC = CAg (s) + 2 {NH}_{3} (g) + 2 {NH}_{4} Cl (s) Acetylene Silver Ammonia Ammonium acetylide chloride$
Step 3 : The complete balanced chemical equation for each conversion is represented as follows:
${BrH}_{2} C - {CH}_{2} Br (l) + 2 KOH (alc .) \overset{∆}{\to} CH \equiv CH (g) + 2 KBr (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) 1, 2 - Dibromoethane Potassium Acetylene Potassium hydroxide Bromide$
$CH \equiv CH (g) + 2 Ag [{({NH}_{3})}_{2}] Cl (s) \to AgC = CAg (s) + 2 {NH}_{3} (g) + 2 {NH}_{4} Cl (s) Acetylene Silver Ammonia Ammonium acetylide chloride$
$1, 2 - Dibromoethane \overset{al . KOH}{\to} Acetylene \overset{Ag [{({NH}_{3})}_{2}] Cl}{\to} Silver acetylide$

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