Question

Give balanced chemical equations for the following conversions

$\mathrm{Ethanol}\stackrel{\mathrm{C}}{\to }\mathrm{Ethene}\stackrel{\mathrm{D}}{\leftarrow }\mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{iodide}$

Answer 1

Step 1 : Preparation of Ethene from Ethanol:

1. When Ethanol is treated with concentrated Sulphuric acid at a temperature of $160-170°\mathrm{C}$, it results in the formation of Ethene and water .
2. This process is known as dehydration of alcohol.
3. The balanced chemical reaction is represented as follows:

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\mathrm{OH}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\underset{160-170°\mathrm{C}}{\overset{\mathrm{Conc}.{\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4}{\to }}{\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_4\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right) \\ \mathrm{Ethanol}\mathrm{Ethene} \end{gathered}$$

Step 2 : Preparation of Ethene from Ethyl iodide:

1. When Ethyl iodide is heated in the presence of Potassium hydroxide results in the formation of Ethene.
2. The reaction is known as dehydrohalogenation.
3. The balanced chemical equation is represented as follows:

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_5\mathrm{I}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+\mathrm{KOH}\stackrel{∆}{\to }{\mathrm{C}}_2{\mathrm{H}}_4\left(\mathrm{g}\right)+\mathrm{KI}\left(\mathrm{s}\right) \\ \mathrm{Ethyl}\left(\mathrm{alc}.\right)\mathrm{Ethene}\mathrm{Potassium} \\ \mathrm{iodide}\mathrm{iodide} \end{gathered}$$

Step 3 : The complete balanced chemical equation for each conversion is represented as follows:

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{5}}\mathbf{OH}\mathbf{}\left(l\right)\mathbf{}\underset{\mathbf{160}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{170}\mathbf{}\mathbf{°}\mathbf{C}}{\overset{\mathbf{Conc}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{SO}}_{\mathbf{4}}}{\mathbf{\to }}}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{4}}\mathbf{}\left(g\right)\mathbf{}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{O}\mathbf{}\left(l\right) \\ \mathbf{Ethanol}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Ethene} \end{gathered}$$

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{5}}\mathbf{I}\mathbf{}\left(g\right)\mathbf{}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{}\mathbf{KOH}\mathbf{}\stackrel{\mathbf{∆}}{\mathbf{\to }}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{4}}\mathbf{}\left(g\right)\mathbf{}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{}\mathbf{KI}\mathbf{}\left(s\right) \\ \mathbf{Ethyl}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\left(\mathrm{alc}.\right)\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Ethene}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Potassium} \\ \mathbf{iodide}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{iodide} \end{gathered}$$

$\mathrm{Ethanol}\underset{\mathbf{160}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{170}\mathbf{}\mathbf{°}\mathbf{C}}{\overset{\mathbf{Conc}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{SO}}_{\mathbf{4}}}{\to }}\mathrm{Ethene}\underset{\mathbf{∆}}{\overset{\mathbf{Alc}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{}\mathbf{KOH}}{\leftarrow }}\mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{iodide}$

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