Question

Give examples of 3 joint sector industries.

Answer 1

Maruti Udyog Limited is an example of the joint sector industry.

Joint Sector Industries

• Joint sector industries are owned and operated by individuals, groups of individuals and state.

Factors for Classification of Industries

The three different factors for classification of industries are given below.

1. Size
2. Ownership
3. Raw materials

Types of Industries – Classification based on Ownership

1. Public Sector Industries – These are owned and operated by the Government of India. They are termed as Public Sector Undertakings (PSU’s). There are three different types of Public Sector Undertakings (PSU’s). They are Maharatna, Navaratna, Miniratna. Examples of PSU’s are National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Oil and Natural Gas Limited (ONGC), Coal India Limited (CIL), Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).
2. Private Sector Industries – these are operated and owned by individuals or a group of individuals.
3. Joint Sector Industries
4. Co-operative Sector Industries – These are operated and owned by workers, suppliers and producers of raw materials. Some of the examples are Karnataka Milk Federation (KMF), Amul located in Anand Gujarat, Horticultural Producers’ Cooperative Marketing and Processing Society (HOPCOMS), Indian Coffee House, Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO).

Types of Industries – Classification Based on Size

1. Large Scale Industries – Automobile industry comes under large scale industry. Here the investments required, technology required are very high and the production is also very high.
2. Small Scale Industries – It requires less labour, technology, capital.

Types of Industries – Classification Based on Raw Materials

The different types of industries are given below:

1. Agro based industries – Diary industry, Food processing, Leather industries are examples of agro-based industries. Here animal and plant based products are used as raw materials.
2. Mineral based industries – In this type of industry, minerals are used as raw materials.
3. Marine based industries – In this type of industry, ocean and sea products are used as raw materials.
4. Forest based industries – Furniture, paper based industries are examples of forest based industries. Here the forest products are used as raw materials.