Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:
(i) Ethanol and $2$ propanol.
(ii) Aniline and ethylamine.

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Solution

Ethanol 2-Propanol

Ethanol when treated with Lucas reagent (anby. $Z n C l_{2}$ and Conc. HCl) gives turbidity after heating.

$2$ -proponal when treated with lucas reagent gives turbidity within five minutes without heating.
Aniline Ethylamine
Aniline reacts with $H N O_{2} (N a N O_{2} + d i l . H C l)$ at $0 - 5^{o}$ C to give benzene diazonium chloride, which on further heating with
$β$ -naphthol gives red dye.
Ethylamine gives a brisk effervescence due to evolution of $N_{2}$ gas under similar conditions.

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Aniline	Ethylamine
Aniline reacts with $H N O_{2} (N a N O_{2} + d i l . H C l)$ at $0 - 5^{o}$ C to give benzene diazonium chloride, which on further heating with $β$ -naphthol gives red dye.	Ethylamine gives a brisk effervescence due to evolution of $N_{2}$ gas under similar conditions.