Give reason for the following:
Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in airtight bottles.

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Solution

Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in air–tight bottles because of its hygroscopic nature. If it is left open, it will absorb moisture from the air, causing the level of sulphuric acid in the bottle to rise. Consequently, the concentration of sulphuric acid will decrease.

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Why is :

(a) concentrated sulphuric acid kept in air tight bottles ?

(b) $H_{2} S O_{4}$ is not used as a drying agent for $H_{2} S$ ?

Q. (a) When carbon is heating with concentrated sulphuric acid, carbon dioxide is formed. Why?
(b) Why the wooden shelves on which concentrated sulphuric acid bottles are kept are stained black? [4 MARKS]

Give reasons for the following:
(i) In the contact process, sulphur trioxide formed is dissolved in 98% sulphuric acid and not in water.
(ii) When solution of sulphur dioxide is exposed to air, it gets converted to sulphuric acid.
(iii) When diluting concentrated sulphuric acid, the acid should be added to water and not water to the acid.
(iv) When concentrated sulphuric acid is exposed to air, its volume increases and it becomes slightly dilute.
(v) Sulphuric acid can form two kinds of salts with sodium chloride.
(vi) When barium chloride is added to dilute sulphuric acid, a white precipitate is formed.
(vii) When carbon is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, carbon dioxide is formed.
(viii) Ammonia gas cannot be dried by passing through concentrated sulphuric acid.
(ix) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar/glucose, a black mass is left behind.
(x) Concentrated sulphuric acid should not be added to oxalic acid or formic acid in the open laboratory.
(xi) When concentrated sulphuric acid is added to blue crystalline copper sulphate, it turns powdery white.
(xii) Concentrated sulphuric acid must be stored in airtight bottles.
(xiii) Cotton clothes get burnt with concentrated sulphuric acid.
(xiv) H₂SO₄ cannot be prepared by heating sodium sulphate with conc. HCl or HNO₃.

Explain why

(a) Only all-glass apparatus should be used for the preparation of nitric acid by heating concentrated sulphuric acid and potassium nitrate.

(b) Nitric acid is kept in a reagent bottle for a long time.

Q. Give reasons for the following:
In the laboratory preparation of nitric acid, the mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid and sodium nitrate should not be heated very strongly above

200^{\circ} C

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Give reason for the following: Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in airtight bottles.

Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in air–tight bottles because of its hygroscopic nature. If it is left open, it will absorb moisture from the air, causing the level of sulphuric acid in the bottle to rise. Consequently, the concentration of sulphuric acid will decrease.

Give reason for the following:
Concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in airtight bottles.