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Question

Give reasons for the following :

(a) Sulphuric acid forms two types of salts with NaOH,

(b) Red brown vapours are produced when concentrated sulphuric acid is added to hydrogen bromide,

(c) A piece of wood becomes black when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured on it,

(d) Brisk effervescence is seen when oil of vitriol is added to sodium carbonate.

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Solution

(a) Two types of salts are formed when sulphuric acid reacts with NaOH because sulphuric acid is dibasic.
NaOH plus straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 rightwards arrow NaHSO subscript 4 plus straight H subscript 2 straight O 2 NaOH plus straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 rightwards arrow Na subscript 2 SO subscript 4 plus 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O
(b) When hydrogen bromide reacts with sulphuric acid the bromine gas is obtained which produce red brown vapours.
2 KBr plus 3 straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 rightwards arrow 2 KHSO subscript 4 plus SO subscript 2 plus Br subscript 2 plus 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O
(c) A piece of wood becomes black when concentrated sulphuric acid is poured on it because it gives a mass of carbon.
(d) When sulphuric acid is added to sodium carbonate it liberates carbon dioxide which produces brisk effervescence. Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 plus straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 rightwards arrow Na subscript 2 SO subscript 4 plus straight H subscript 2 straight O plus CO subscript 2

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