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Square Planar Complexes

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Question

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$S c^{3 +}$ is colourless in aqueous solution whereas $T i^{3 +}$ is coloured.

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Solution

Transition metal ions are colored due to $d - d$ transition. Unpaired electrons in d orbitals are excited from lower energy level to higher energy level. For this, energy from visible region is absorbed.
$S c^{3 +}$ has outer electronic configuration of $3 d^{0} 4 s^{0}$ with zero unpaired electrons. Hence, it is colorless.
$T i^{3 +}$ has outer electronic configuration of $3 d^{1} 4 s^{0}$ with one unpaired electron. Hence, it is purple colored.

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