Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the pairs of compound
Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

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Solution

Ethyl benzoate does not react with $sodium hydrogen carbonate$ and benzoic acid gives effervescence of carbon dioxide gas upon reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate.
When ethyl benzoate is boiled with excess NaOH, it gives ethanol. Ethanol on heating with iodine gives the yellow ppt of iodoform. This test is not given by benzoic acid.

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