a) Ray - A ray is a line originating from a point and extends till infinity.
For example - The rays of the sun. The rays of sun originate from a point (i.e., the sun) and extend till infinity. That's why it is called a ray.
b) Line - a line is made of a set of points which is extended in opposite directions infinitely.
Example: The path of the clock can be termed as a line because it never ends at a specific point.
c) Line Segment - it is a part of a line that is bounded by two distinct points.
Example: The ends of your book can be termed as a line segment as it has a definite starting and ending point.