Question

Give technical terms for the following.

The process by which a substance is broken down by the action of microorganisms with the release of heat or carbon dioxide.

Answer 1

• Fermentation is the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas (in the form of bubbles) and heat.
• Fermentation is a type of irreversible, exothermic chemical change.
• The substance cannot be reversed back to its original form after fermentation. So, it is irreversible
• Fermentation involves the release of heat. So, it is exothermic.
• Example: Fermentation of idli and dosa batter, production of alcohol from sugar, fermentation of fruit juice.