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Cyanide or Macarthur Forrest Process

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Question

Give the balanced equations for the conversion of argentite $({A g}_{2} S)$ to metallic silver.

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Solution

Argentite is treated with 0.5% sodium cyanide solution in presence of air to form a soluble silver complex.
$A g_{2} S + 2 N a C N ⇌ N a_{2} S + 2 A g C N ↓$
$A g C N + N a C N \to N a [A g (C N)_{2}]$
Zinc dust is added to precipitate silver. Zinc is more electropositive than silver.
$2 N a [A g (C N)_{2}] + Z n \to N a_{2} [Z n (C N)_{4}] + 2 A g ↓$
"or"
$2 N a [A g (C N)_{2}] + 4 N a O H + Z n \to N a_{2} Z n O_{2} + 4 N a C N + 2 H_{2} O + 2 A g ↓$

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