Give the drawbacks of rutherford's atomic model
Give the drawbacks of rutherford's atomic model
Rutherford’s conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles and then studied the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
According to the Rutherford atomic model:
- The positively charged particles and most of the mass of an atom was concentrated in a tiny volume. He called this region of the atom a nucleus.
- Rutherford's model proposed that the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom. He also claimed that the electrons surrounding the nucleus revolve around it at a very high speed in circular paths. He named these circular paths orbits.
- Electrons being negatively charged and the nucleus being a densely concentrated mass of positively charged particles are held together by a strong electrostatic force of attraction.
Drawbacks of Rutherford's Model:
- It fails to explain the stability of the atom.
According to laws of physics the electron while moving around the nucleus will get continuously accelerated and a charged particle-like electron when accelerated should radiate energy. Because of the loss of energy, the electron will slow down and move closer and closer to the nucleus with each rotation and finally would spiral into the nucleus. This would result in the collapse of the atom. calculations show that this would happen in only 10-8 seconds. Fortunately, atoms don't follow this behavior and thus rutherford's model failed to explain the stability of the atom.
2. Another serious drawback of this model is it failed to explain the distribution of electrons around the nucleus.
Rutherford’s conducted an experiment by bombarding a thin sheet of gold with α-particles and then studied the trajectory of these particles after their interaction with the gold foil.
According to the Rutherford atomic model:
- The positively charged particles and most of the mass of an atom was concentrated in a tiny volume. He called this region of the atom a nucleus.
- Rutherford's model proposed that the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom. He also claimed that the electrons surrounding the nucleus revolve around it at a very high speed in circular paths. He named these circular paths orbits.
- Electrons being negatively charged and the nucleus being a densely concentrated mass of positively charged particles are held together by a strong electrostatic force of attraction.
Drawbacks of Rutherford's Model:
- It fails to explain the stability of the atom.
According to laws of physics the electron while moving around the nucleus will get continuously accelerated and a charged particle-like electron when accelerated should radiate energy. Because of the loss of energy, the electron will slow down and move closer and closer to the nucleus with each rotation and finally would spiral into the nucleus. This would result in the collapse of the atom. calculations show that this would happen in only 10-8 seconds. Fortunately, atoms don't follow this behavior and thus rutherford's model failed to explain the stability of the atom.
2. Another serious drawback of this model is it failed to explain the distribution of electrons around the nucleus.
