Give the equation when ethanoic acid reacts with phosphorus pentachloride.

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Solution

Equation when ethanoic acid reacts with phosphorus pentachloride
Acetyl chloride ( $C H_{3} C O C l$ ) is formed when ethanoic acid ( $C H_{3} C O O H$ ) is heated with phosphorus pentachloride ( $P C l_{5}$ ).
The $- C O O H$ group is changed to the $- C O C l$ group in this reaction.
Phosphorus oxychloride ( $P O C l_{3}$ ) and Hydrochloric acid ( $H C l$ ) are the byproducts.
The chemical equation can be given as follows.
$\underset{p h o s p h o r u s p e n t a c h l o r i d e}{P C l_{5} (s)} + \underset{e t h a n o i c a c i d}{C H_{3} C O O H (a q)} \to \underset{a c e t y l c h l o r i d e}{C H_{3} C O C l (l)} + \underset{h y d o c h l o r i c a c i d}{H C l (a q)} + \underset{p h o s p h o r u s o x y c h l o r i d e}{P O C l_{3} (l)}$

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