Question

Give the IUPAC name of the following compounds.

(i) An aldehyde attached to the terminal carbon atom of a chain containing four carbon atoms having single bond between them.
(ii) A ketone derived from propane.
(iii) A monochloride derived from methane.
(iv) An alcohol derived from pentane.
(v) A carboxylic acid containing two carbon atoms.
[5 Marks]

Answer 1

(i) The compound contains four carbon atoms, so the root word is 'but' and the primary suffix is 'ane' as it is an alkane. The secondary suffix is 'al' as the functional group is an aldehyde. Therefore, the name is butanal.
[1 Mark]
(ii) The root word is prop and and the primary suffix is 'ane' as it is an alkane. The secondary suffix is 'one' as the functional group is an ketone. Therefore, the name is propanone.
[1 Mark]
(iii) The root word is meth and and the suffix is 'ane' as it is an alkane. The prefix is 'chloro' as the functional group is a halogen. Therefore, the name is chloromethane.
[1 Mark]
(iv) The root word is pent and and the primary suffix is 'ane' as it is an alkane. The secondary suffix is 'ol' as the functional group is an alcohol. Therefore, the name is pentanol.
[1 Mark]
(v) The root word is eth and and the primary suffix is 'ane' as it is an alkane. The secondary suffix is 'oic acid' as the functional group is a carboxylic acid. Therefore, the name is ethanoic acid.
[1 Mark]