Question

Give the IUPAC names of Ethyl alcohol and Acetic acid. Name the product formed when Ethyl alcohol and Acetic acid react together in the presence of concentrated Sulphuric acid. Write the chemical equation for the reaction.

Answer 1

• The IUPAC name of Ethyl alcohol.
• Determination of Root Word
• Here, the given compound Ethyl alcohol is a straight-chain structure of hydrocarbon.
  $\stackrel{2}{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{H}}_3\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{OH}$
• There are two Carbon atoms in the longest chain.
• Hence, the root word will be ‘Eth’.

Determination of name and position of locants

• In the given structure one Hydroxyl group (-OH) is present in Ethyl alcohol.
• The given compound has single bonds, So, it is a saturated hydrocarbon.

Determination of the suffix

• As this compound consists of an Alcohol group (-OH) that is indicated by using ‘ol’ as a suffix.
• Now, replace the last ‘e’ of Ethane with 'ol'.

Final answer: The IUPAC name of Ethyl alcohol is “Ethanol”.

The IUPAC name of Acetic acid.

• Determination of Root Word
• Here, the given compound Acetic acid represents the straight-chain structure of hydrocarbon.
  $\stackrel{2}{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{H}}_3\stackrel{1}{\mathrm{C}}\mathrm{OOH}$
• There is two carbon atom in the longest chain. Hence, the root word will be ‘Eth’.
• Determination of name and position of locants
• In the given structure one Carboxylic group (-COOH) is present in Acetic acid.
• The given compound has single bonds. So, it is a saturated hydrocarbon.

Determination of the suffix

• Acetic acid consists of a Carboxylic acid group (-COOH), thus the IUPAC name of the compound is obtained by replacing the last ‘e’ of the root alkane with ‘oic' and adding the word 'acid' to the name of the compound.
• Now, replace the last ‘e’ of Ethane with 'oic acid'.
  Final answer: The IUPAC name of Acetic acid is “Ethanoic acid”.

Esterification reaction

• When Ethyl alcohol and Acetic acid react together in the presence of concentrated Sulphuric acid we get Ethyl acetate.
• This reaction results in the formation of Ester and is known as the Esterification reaction.
• The chemical equation is shown below.

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{CH}}_3{\mathrm{CH}}_2\mathrm{OH}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)+{\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{COOH}\left(\mathrm{l}\right)\to {\mathrm{CH}}_3{\mathrm{COOCH}}_2{\mathrm{CH}}_3\left(\mathrm{l}\right)+{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\left(\mathrm{l}\right) \\ \mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{alcohol}\mathrm{Acetic}\mathrm{acid}\mathrm{Ethyl}\mathrm{acetate} \end{gathered}$$