Question

Give the location of the following tissues:

(a) Cartilage

(b) Cardiac muscles

(c) Parenchyma

(d) Sclerenchyma

(e) Meristematic tissue

Answer 1

The location of the following tissues are:

(a) Cartilage

1. Location: Bone surface at joints, in nose, ear, trachea and larynx.
2. Function: Smoothen the bone surface in joints, give support to nose, ear, trachea and larynx.

(b) Cardiac muscles

1. Location: Cardiac muscles are found only in the heart and are self-stimulating, which has an intermediate speed of contraction and energy requirement.
2. Function: The primary function of the cardiac muscle is to regulate the functioning of the heart by the relaxation and contraction of the heart muscles.

(c) Parenchyma

1. Location: The parenchyma tissue is present in soft parts of the plant such as cortex, pith, palisade and some parts of the flower.
2. Function: Parenchyma tissue provides support to plants and also stores food. In some situations, it contains chlorophyll and performs photosynthesis.

(d) Sclerenchyma

1. Location: Sclerenchyma is found in the covering of seeds and nuts, around the vascular tissues in stems and the veins of leaves.
2. Function: Sclerenchyma tissue, when mature, is composed of dead cells that have heavily thickened walls containing lignin and a high cellulose content (60%–80%), and serves the function of providing structural support in plants.

(e) Meristematic tissue

1. Location: Meristems are classified by their location in the plant as apical (located at root and shoot tips), lateral (in the vascular and cork cambia), and intercalary (at internodes, or stem regions between the places at which leaves attach, and leaf bases).
2. Function: Meristematic tissue are undifferentiated or incompletely differentiated. They are totipotent and capable of continued cell division. Division of meristematic cells provides new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and the initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.