Give the structural formulae and IUPAC names of the following compounds:
(a) Formaldehyde
(b) Acetone.

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Solution

The structural formulae are as shown
(a) Formaldehyde has IUPAC name methanal. To name aldehydes the ending e of the name of parent hydrocarbon is replaced with suffix $- a l$ .
(b) Acetone has IUPAC name 2-propanone. To name ketones the ending e of the name of parent hydrocarbon is replaced with suffix $- o n e$ . The position of carbonyl group is indicated with proper locant.

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