Give the structural formulae and IUPAC names of the following compounds
(a) Malonic acid
(b) Succinic acid.

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Solution

The structural formulae are as shown
(a) Malonic acid has IUPAC name 1,4-butanedioc acid.
(b) Succinic acid has IUPAC name 1,3-propanedioc acid.
To name dicarboxylic acids suffix dioc acid is added to the name of parent hydrocarbon. The position of carboxylic groups is indicated with proper locants.

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