Question

Give two examples of mineral acid.

Answer 1

Mineral acid:

1. Acid is a substance (molecule or ion) that is capable of donating an ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ion (or proton). It can be further categorized into two types on the basis of the pH value:- organic ( natural) and inorganic ( mineral or synthetic).
2. Mineral acid, also known as an inorganic acid, is an acid made up of inorganic compounds that dissociate in water to produce hydronium ions(${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$).

$$\begin{gathered} {\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}{\to }{\mathrm{H}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{HSO}}_4^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \\ {\mathrm{HNO}}_3\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)\stackrel{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}{\to }{\mathrm{H}}^{+}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right)+{\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}\left(\mathrm{aq}\right) \end{gathered}$$

1. They are water-soluble but insoluble in organic solvents.
2. Example: Sulphuric acid (${\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}{\mathbf{SO}}_{\mathbf{4}}$), nitric acid (${\mathbf{HNO}}_{\mathbf{3}}$).