Question

Give two main uses each of

(a) calcium hydroxide
(b) ammonium hydroxide
(c) sodium hydroxide

Answer 1

Two important uses of each base are stated below:

(a) Calcium hydroxide [$\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2$]:
1. It is used to whitewash buildings; it is also used as an alternative to cement in low-budgeted construction.
2. It is also used to neutralise the acidity of soil. Because of the over usage of chemical fertilisers, soil becomes acidic and hence largely affects the growth of crops. Thus, calcium hydroxide is added to the soil to neutralise its acidity, thereby ensuring the healthy growth of the crops.

(b) Ammonium hydroxide (${\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{OH}$):
1. It is widely used to produce fertiliser like ammonium nitrate.
2. It is also used to produce nylons, plastics, dyes, etc.

(c) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH):
1. It is extensively used in the production of soaps.
2. It is used to produce various medicines, rayon, paper, etc.