Question

Given below are 12 biological terms. Of these, 10 can be paired into 5 matching pairs. Identify the five matching pairs and rewrite:

Transpirational pull, Muscles, Near Sightedness, Negative pressure, Far Sightedness, Sphygmomanometer, Brain, Myopia, Blood pressure, Effectors, Positive pressure, Cranial nerves.

Answer 1

Explanations of paired terms:
Transpirational pull- Negative pressure

1. Transpiration refers to the evaporation of water through aerial parts of the plant. It creates a negative pressure in the xylem to pull the water from the soil.
2. Transpiration pull is based on the cohesion, adhesion, and surface tension properties of water molecules. These properties give water high tensile strength and high capillarity resulting in the ascent of sap.

Muscles- Effectors

1. Effectors are body parts that produce responses to a stimulus.
2. Muscles are effectors since they can contract in response to a stimulus.

Near Sightedness- Myopia

1. Near Sightedness or myopia is a common vision disorder in which nearby objects are clearly visible, but far-off objects appear blurry.
2. Myopia occurs when the eyeball gets elongated along the axis. The excessive curvature of the cornea reduces the focal length of the eye lens.

Sphygmomanometer- Blood pressure

1. Blood pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of the artery. The pressure is greater during systole as compared to diastole.
2. Systole and diastole can be measured by an instrument called the sphygmomanometer.

Brain- Cranial nerves

1. The cranial nerve arises from the undersurface of the brain.
2. Cranial nerves belong to three groups- sensory (optic and auditory nerves), motor (nerve going to the eye muscle), and mixed (facial nerve).

Explanation of unpaired terms :
Positive pressure in plants

1. Positive pressure indicates that the pressure within the cells is comparatively greater than the pressure outside the cells.
2. Turgor pressure is an example of positive pressure that helps the plant retain its shape.

Far-sightedness

1. Far-sightedness or hyperopia occurs when the far-off objects are visible clearly, but the nearby objects appear blurred.

Final answer

Column A	Column B
Transpirational pull	Negative pressure
Muscles	Effectors
Near-sightedness	Myopia
Sphygmomanometer	Blood pressure
Brain	Cranial nerves