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Question
Given below are certain diseases and their causative agents. One of these disease is transmitted through eggs of a unisexual organism, that are present in the faeces of an infected person. Identify the diseases which is caused by a unisexual worm.
Given below are certain diseases and their causative agents. One of these disease is transmitted through eggs of a unisexual organism, that are present in the faeces of an infected person. Identify the diseases which is caused by a unisexual worm.
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Solution
The correct option is D Ascariasis
Ascariasis is a disease caused by the common roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides. The worm eggs enter the intestine of humans through ingestion of water or food contaminated with the fecal matter of an infected person or through contact with soil contaminated with human or pig faeces (faecal-oral route transmission).
These eggs mature into larvae that travel through the intestinal wall and reach the heart and lungs via blood or lymph. After maturing for about 10 to 14 days in the lungs, the larvae enter the airways and travel up the throat, where they are coughed up and swallowed. During this phase, symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath can be seen. As the larvae are swallowed, they reach the intestines again and grow into male and female worms (unisexual). They are called unisexual worms as the male and female worms are different (sexual dimorphism). Females are larger than males. Males possess needle-like copulatory structures called spicules.
The female worms lay a huge number of eggs which leave the body through faeces. Thus fecal contamination of food, soil and water can transmit the disease. Presence of worms in the intestine can result in symptoms such as abdominal pain, internal bleeding, fever, anemia, blockage of the intestinal passage etc.
Taeniasis is a parasitic infection caused by tapeworm species. Taenia solium is the tapeworm species found in pork meat. It is a bisexual parasite as the male and female reproductive structures are present in the same organism. Tapeworms are parasitic worms belonging to Phylum Platyhelminthes. Infected humans release the tapeworm segments and the eggs laid by the mature worms along with feces and contaminate the soil. Pigs feeding in such contaminated areas, pick up the infection along with feces. Humans become infected with tapeworms when they eat raw or undercooked pork contaminated with the organism.
Liver fluke infection or fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica. It is a bisexual parasite as the male and female reproductive structures are present in the same organism. It is transmitted due to ingestion of aquatic plants growing in water bodies contaminated with immature parasitic larvae. The young worms travel through the intestinal wall and reach the liver tissue and bile ducts, where they develop into adults that produce eggs. The eggs laid by adult flukes in the bile ducts are passed out with faeces.
Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It leaves the body of an infected host by the release of cysts in the fecal matter. Ingesting food or water contaminated with these cysts, can lead to infection. It normally reproduce by asexual reproductive methods like binary fission (cell divided into two).
Ascariasis is a disease caused by the common roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides. The worm eggs enter the intestine of humans through ingestion of water or food contaminated with the fecal matter of an infected person or through contact with soil contaminated with human or pig faeces (faecal-oral route transmission).
These eggs mature into larvae that travel through the intestinal wall and reach the heart and lungs via blood or lymph. After maturing for about 10 to 14 days in the lungs, the larvae enter the airways and travel up the throat, where they are coughed up and swallowed. During this phase, symptoms such as cough and shortness of breath can be seen. As the larvae are swallowed, they reach the intestines again and grow into male and female worms (unisexual). They are called unisexual worms as the male and female worms are different (sexual dimorphism). Females are larger than males. Males possess needle-like copulatory structures called spicules.
The female worms lay a huge number of eggs which leave the body through faeces. Thus fecal contamination of food, soil and water can transmit the disease. Presence of worms in the intestine can result in symptoms such as abdominal pain, internal bleeding, fever, anemia, blockage of the intestinal passage etc.
Taeniasis is a parasitic infection caused by tapeworm species. Taenia solium is the tapeworm species found in pork meat. It is a bisexual parasite as the male and female reproductive structures are present in the same organism. Tapeworms are parasitic worms belonging to Phylum Platyhelminthes. Infected humans release the tapeworm segments and the eggs laid by the mature worms along with feces and contaminate the soil. Pigs feeding in such contaminated areas, pick up the infection along with feces. Humans become infected with tapeworms when they eat raw or undercooked pork contaminated with the organism.
Liver fluke infection or fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica. It is a bisexual parasite as the male and female reproductive structures are present in the same organism. It is transmitted due to ingestion of aquatic plants growing in water bodies contaminated with immature parasitic larvae. The young worms travel through the intestinal wall and reach the liver tissue and bile ducts, where they develop into adults that produce eggs. The eggs laid by adult flukes in the bile ducts are passed out with faeces.
Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It leaves the body of an infected host by the release of cysts in the fecal matter. Ingesting food or water contaminated with these cysts, can lead to infection. It normally reproduce by asexual reproductive methods like binary fission (cell divided into two).
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