Question

Given below is the set of five terms. Rewrite the terms in sequence as directed at the end of the statement.

Renal vein, Renal artery, Afferent arteriole, Efferent arteriole, Glomerulus (pathway of blood through glomerulus).

Answer 1

The pathway of blood through glomerulus is as follows:

1. Renal artery ⇢ Afferent arteriole ⇢ Glomerulus ⇢ Efferent arteriole ⇢ Renal vein.
2. Thus, kidneys receive blood from the renal artery that divides to form glomerulus.
3. In this glomerulus, blood enters through afferent arteriole and leaves through efferent arteriole.
4. Renal vein drains deoxygenated blood from kidney into the heart.

Renal artery:

1. This blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from heart to kidneys.
2. It starts at the abdominal aorta and enters the kidney at renal hilum.
3. Inside kidney, renal artery divides into a number of branches to form arterioles and capillaries in the cortex region of the kidney.

Afferent arteriole:

1. It brings nitrogenous wastes containing blood to the glomerulus.
2. It is a branch of the renal vein.
3. Its lumen is wider than that of efferent arteriole.

Glomerulus:

1. It is a tuft of capillaries present in the cup-shaped cavity of Bowman’s capsule.
2. It receives blood through afferent arteriole.
3. Filtration of blood takes place in glomerular capillaries due to glomerular hydrostatic pressure formed by both arterioles in the glomerulus.

Efferent arteriole:

1. It is a branch of renal artery that drains blood (ultra-filtered blood) away from the glomerulus.
2. It contains blood that lacks nitrogenous wastes.
3. It helps in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate.

Renal Vein:

1. It collects deoxygenated blood from the kidney and drains it into heart through the inferior vena cava.
2. It contains minimum content of blood urea.
3. It is located in the renal hilum of the kidney.