Growth/ annual rings are formed by the activity of
In the dicotyledonous trees growing in temperate regions, because of the existence of maximum seasonal variations, during secondary growth, vascular cambium is more active during the spring season and produces spring wood and whereas in the autumn season, it is less active and produces autumn wood or latewoods. These two kinds of wood together form into annual rings or growth rings.
So, the correct option is ‘Cambium’.