Hardness of water can be detected using:
Scum formed by lathering soap
Soap in general, can be taken to be Sodium Stearate. When soap is used with water it forms lather. If Ca2+ or Mg2+ ions are present in water (hardness) they tend to form scum with soap and as a result lather formed is lower than that compared to soft water. Hence option (b) is the right answer.