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Question

Heat flows radially outward through a spherical shell of outside radius R2 and inner radius R1. The temperature of inner surface of shell is Δ1 and that of outer is Δ2. The radial distance from centre of shell where the temperature is just half way between Δ1 and Δ2 is :

A
R2R12
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B
R1R2R1+R2
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C
2R1R2R1+R2
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D
R1+R22
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Solution

The correct option is A R2R12
Given: Heat flows radially outward through a spherical shell of outside radius R2 and inner radius R1. The temperature of inner surface of shell is Δ1 and that of outer is Δ2.
To find the radial distance from centre of shell where the temperature is just half way between Δ1 and Δ2
Solution:
By using the current analogy of thermal flow,
change in temperature = potential difference
And, heat flow = current
conductivity = thermal conductivity
And Resistance = thermal resistance
Here
So,
Δ1Δ2Rshell=H as V2V1R=I
H=Δ1Δ2lKAH=KA(Δ1Δ2)R2R1.......(i)
as length will be difference in the radius.
Let us consider any cross sectional area, A
This same H current will flow through all points across the shell
Let x be the distance from the center where the temperature is half, so
((Δ2+Δ12)Δ2)R2xKA=HKA(Δ2+Δ12Δ22)R2x=KA(Δ1Δ2)R2R1(Δ1Δ22)R2x=(Δ1Δ2)R2R1(Δ1Δ2)2(R2x)=(Δ1Δ2)R2R1R2x=R2R12x=R2R2R12x=R2R12
is the radial distance from centre of shell where the temperature is just half way between Δ1 and Δ2

885632_295960_ans_c574c53d153a4a5b9d248c4f95e44551.JPG

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