Question

Homologous structures are formed by

• A. Divergent evolution
• B. Speciation
• C. Segregation
• D. Convergent evolution
• E. Stabilizing selection

Answer 1

The correct option is A Divergent evolution

Homologous organs perform different functions and have different appearance but share common basic structural plan and origin. Divergent evolution i.e. evolution of organisms in different directions from a common ancestry leads for development of homologous organs.

Analogous organs perform similar function and have similar appearance but have different basic structure and origin. Convergent evolution i.e., development of similar structure in two distant organisms as a response to adaptation to same environmental leads to the formation of analogous organs.

Splitting of existing species into daughter species or transformation of existing species into the new one without formation of any lineage species is termed as speciation.

When natural selection tends to decrease genetic diversity, it is referred to as stabilizing selection.

Segregation means the appearance of dominant and recessive phenotype in $F_2$ generation.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.