Question

How are chromatin, chromatid, and chromosomes related to each other?

Answer 1

A. Chromatin:

1. It is the linear DNA material that is tangled up into a complex.
2. The chromatin fibers are composed of DNA and histone proteins.
3. The segments of DNA that are operative are known as genes.
4. Genes are of utmost importance as they store the functional aspects of the cell.
5. The chromatin gets condensed into chromosomes during cell division.

B. Chromosomes:

1. These are X-shaped structures of DNA visible during the metaphase stage of cell division.
2. They are condensed forms of chromatin fibers.
3. Chromosomes have two arms.

C. Chromatids:

1. They are the identical arms of a chromosome.
2. They are known as sister chromatids.
3. The functional genes are located on the arms, i.e., on sister chromatids.
4. The sister chromatids are attached at the centromere of the chromosome.
5. Sister chromosomes are formed after DNA duplication.