How are compressions and rarefactions produced in air near a source of sound? [3 MARKS]

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Solution

How sound travels : 1 Mark
Compression : 1 Mark
Rarefaction : 1 Mark

Sound is a mechanical wave and needs a medium to travel. The vibrations created travel parallel to the direction of propagation of sound and thus create regions of high and low pressures.

When a vibrating object moves forward, it pushes and compresses the air in front of it creating a region of high pressure. This region is called a compression (C). This compression starts to move away from the vibrating object.

When the vibrating object moves backwards, it creates a region of low pressure called rarefaction (R).

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