The human ear serves as an astounding transducer, converting sound energy to mechanical energy to a nerve impulse which is transmitted to the brain. Ear consists of three basic parts, each part of the ear serves a specific purpose in the task of detecting and interpreting sound. The three pasts are - the outer ear, middle ear and the inner ear.
The outer ear collects and channel sound to the middle ear. The middle ear then serves to transform the energy of a sound wave into the internal vibrations of the bone structure of the middle ear and ultimately transform these vibrations into a compressional wave in the the inner year. The inner ear serves to transform the the energy of compressional wave within the inner ear fluid into nerve impulses which can be transmitted to the brain. This is how sound is detected by human ear.