Question

How can the following compounds be obtained from phenol?
(i) 2, 4, 6- Tribromophenol (ii) 2, 4, 6 - Trinitrophenol
(iii) Benzene (iv) Ortho and para-cresol.

Answer 1

(i) $2,4,6-Trinitrophenol$:
$Phenol$ on nitration with nitrating mixture ($HN{O}_3/H_{2}S{O}_4$) gives $2,4,6-Trinitrophenol$ which is also called $picricacid$.
(ii) $2,4,6-Tribromophenol$:
$Phenol$ on treatment with $brominewater$ gives precipitate of $2,4,6-Tribromophenol$.
(iii) $Benzene$:
When $phenol$ is heated with $zincdust$ it gives $benzene$.
(iv) $OrthoandPara-Cresol$:
When $Phenol$ is treated with $C{H}_3-Cl/AlC{l}_3$, it undergoes Friedel Craft's alkylation to form a mixture of $orthoandpara-cresol$