How can we convert acetophenone to benzoic acid?

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Solution

Conversion of Acetophenone to Benzoic acid:-
Step 1: Formation of Potassium benzoate
Acetophenone at first is oxidised with Potassium permanganate ${KMnO}_{4}$ and Potassium hydroxide $(KOH)$ , and the product formed is Potassium benzoate:
Step 2: Formation of Benzoic acid
The Potassium benzoate formed is now hydrolyzed to form our required product Benzoic acid:
This formation of Benzoic acid from Acetophenone is a step-2 reaction.
Therefore, Acetophenone is treated with Iodine and Sodium hydroxide then followed by hydrolysis forms of Benzoic acid.

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Show how each of the following compounds can be converted to benzoic acid.

(i) Ethylbenzene (ii) Acetophenone

(iii) Bromobenzene (iv) Phenylethene (Styrene)

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

(i) Propanal and Propanone

(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(vii) Ethanal and Propanal

A

B

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D

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