Dear Student ,
Here are some common preventive measures to reduce damage to life and property:
1.Avoid residing near disaster prone(flood prone, earthquake prone,landslide prone, riots prone,industrial accidents prone etc.) areas.
2.Build houses on higher ground with proper drainage if living in flood prone areas and build a strong house if living near earthquake prone areas.
3.Ensure your house has essential utilities like medical kit, torch,water bottles,and fire extinguisher etc.
4.At the time of earthquake, stay away from heavy furniture, glass and gas cylinders.Try to get shelter inside strong bed or table if you are not able to vacate the place.
5.Review your insurance policy to ensure that it provides adequate coverage
6.Be aware and don't panic at the time disaster strikes.
Regards