The primary function of chromatin within a chromosome is to package the long DNA molecules into a more compact and denser form.
Chromatin packaging of DNA prevents DNA strands from becoming tangled and reinforces the DNA during cell division, preventing DNA damage and regulating DNA expression and replication.
Chromatin aids in the proper segregation of chromosomes during anaphase during the processes of meiosis and mitosis.
The characteristic shape of DNA during the anaphase stage of the cell cycle is due to chromatin coiling DNA in a highly condensed form.
Formation of chromatin structure:
The chromatin structure is formed by the association of DNA and histones.
With the help of histone proteins, chromatin organizes DNA into chromosomes.
Histones are adaptor proteins that help the DNA structure.
They form a complex structure around the DNA, giving the chromosome a more compact shape.
Histones are proteins that are high in lysine and arginine basic amino acid residues.
Histone carries eight molecules and is known as histone octamer.
The DNA is wrapped around the histone octamer, forming a structure known as a 'nucleosome.'
A single nucleosome contains 200 base pairs of DNA helix.
Chromatin is a fibrous thread-like structure found in the nucleus.
Chromatin is made up of nucleolus repeating units.
