short circuit:
As we know that current flowing in a short circuit has no opposition ideally. It means no energy is consumed there in opposing current , so no voltage drop occur . because voltage and energy are enter related by v=W/q.
Circuit with a Resister:
Now, if we have a resister then we have opposition in the path of current . this means energy is consumed and so voltage drops occur.
Circuit with Multiple Resister:
Coming to your question , just imagine circuit with two resister. Each of them is opposing current .but it is possible that one may oppose less and other may more. As a result voltage drop across them may or may not be same depending upon resister values.
Conclusion:
Voltage drop occur due to the energy consumption in the path of flowing electrons in circuits. it may be by a single resister or may be by more than one resister.