Question

How did Jammu and Kashmir become a part of post Independent India? Elaborate with details.

Answer 1

Instructions: First, the Attack of Tribal Pakistanis: what conditions led to the attack on Kashmir valley?​
Second, the Maharaja's Reaction: why did Maharaja sign the instrument of accession?​
Third point will be, Indian army's role: explain their participation that prevented the raiders in the valley, and lastly, UNO's intervention: Explain the nature of truce called by UNO and the issue of POK.

Solution: The accession of Jammu and Kashmir was most unique and different from any other state's accession story in India in the following ways:

• In 1947 as soon as the partition was declared, the Maharaja of J&K had decided to remain independent, and not join either India or Pakistan. ​
• The state was a Muslim majority state, ruled by a Hindu King. Pakistan took advantage of this condition and sent tribal Pathans to attack and raid the Kashmir valley. ​
• The Maharaja, who was worried that the Pathans would succeed in the valley, wrote to the Indian government to intervene. But the Indian government led by Nehru confirmed that the Indian army would only intervene if J&K would officially accede to India. The Maharaja who was desperate for help, signed the instrument of accession with India in October 1947. ​
• The Indian army arrived in Kashmir valley shortly, and successfully drove away the aiding Pakistani tribals from the valley. ​
• Despite the army pushing back the tribals, India brought the matter to the UN for intervention, since the northeast part of the valley was still with Pakistan. The UNO implemented a truce on January 1, 1949.