Question

How did Jobber misuse his position and power? Explain.
Or
Mention three factors which brought about Great Depression.
Or
What were organised for an elite group and common people for their entertainment in the late 18th century.

Answer 1

The Jobber misused his position and power in the following ways
(i) He misused his position and power as he demanded money and gifts for his favour and controlled the lives of workers.
(ii) Getting jobs was always difficult, even when mills multiplied and the demand for workers increased. The number of job-seekers were always Larger than the jobs available.
(iii) Entry into the mills was also restricted. The jobber got people from his village, ensured them jobs, helped them to settle in the city and provided them money in times of crisis.
Or
The factors which caused Great Depression were as follows
(i) Conditions Created by War There was an immense industrial expansion due to the increased demand of goods and supplied to the army, during the period of the First World War. After the war, the demand for these goods suddenly dropped and so, there was no demand in many industries.
(ii) Large Scale Unemployment Farm could not sell their harvests, businesses collapsed. As a result, large scale unemployment occurred.
(iii) Shortage of Loans In the mid-1920s, many countries financed their investments through loans from the USA. While lenders in the USA panicked at the first sign of trouble, countries that depend on US loans, now faced crisis
Or
The following things were organised for an elite group and common people for their entertainment in the late 18th century
(i) For wealthy Britishers, there had long been annual 'London Season'. Several cultural events, such as the opera, the theatre and classical music performances were organised.
(ii) Meanwhile, working classes met in pubs to have a drink, exchange news and sometimes also to organise for political action.
(iii) Many new types of large scale entertainment for the common people came into being, some made possible with money from the state. Libraries, art galleries and museums were established in the 19th century to provide people with a sense of history and pride in the achievements of the British.