How do acids and bases react with metals?

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Solution

Acids and bases react vigorously with metals to form a salt and liberate hydrogen gas.
Example: Reaction between Zinc and Hydrochloric acid
Generally, a metal that is more reactive than acid displaces hydrogen from acid leading to the formation of salt with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
Zinc $(Z n)$ reacts with hydrochloric acid $(H C l)$ leading to the formation of zinc chloride $(Z n C l_{2})$ and hydrogen gas $(H_{2})$ .
$Z n (s) + 2 H C l (a q) ⟶ Z n C l_{2} (a q) + H_{2} (g)$
Example: Reaction between Zinc and Sodium hydroxide in presence of water
Zinc reacts with Sodium hydroxide $(N a O H)$ in presence of water $(H_{2} O)$ to form sodium zincate $(N a_{2} Z n (O H)_{4})$ along with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
$Z n (s) + 2 N a O H (a q) + 2 H_{2} O (l) ⟶ N a_{2} Z n (O H)_{4} (a q) + H_{2} (g)$

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