How do atomic radius vary in a period and in a group? How do you explain the variation?

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Solution

In a period, from left to right, with increase in the atomic number, the atomic radius decreases due to increase in the nuclear charge which increases the attraction of the nucleus for the valence electrons.
In a group, on moving from top to bottom, the ionic radius increases as a new energy level is added at each succeeding element but the number of valence electrons remains same.

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