Question

How do chondrichthyes breathe?

Answer 1

Chondrichthyes

1. A vertebrate animal class is distinguished by a cartilaginous endoskeleton, skin covered in placoid scales, the structure of their fin rays, and the absence of a bony operculum, lungs, and swim-bladder.
2. All members of class chondrichthyes breathe through five to seven pairs of gills (depending on species).
3. Some members must swim constantly to keep oxygenated water flowing through the gills, whereas others can pump water through special structures called spiracles that run to the gills.