Question

How do covalent bonds dissolve in water? Give example.

Answer 1

Covalent Bond:-

1. Covalent molecules are attracted to each other by various intermolecular forces such as Hydrogen bonds, Dipole-dipole forces and London dispersion forces.
2. Water molecules are attracted to each other by strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
3. Covalent compounds are soluble but not covalent bonds.
4. Water is a polar compound, the polarity creates a means for water molecules to surround the other polar molecule.
5. The partial negative ends attract hydrogens, while the partial positive attract oxygens due to electronegativity difference.
6. Due to electronegativity differences, molecules generate polarity which is the main cause for H-bonding and polarity in the molecule which shows how covalent bonds dissolve in water.
7. Example: Sugar and ethanol are soluble in water because they contain Hydroxyl groups$\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)$ that can H-bond with water.

Therefore, due to H-bonding covalent bonds dissolve in water.