Question

How does a charged particle on acceleration radiates energy?

Answer 1

Consider the following diagram,

Here, the charged particle was initially stationary, uniformly accelerated for a short period of time, and then stopped accelerating. The electric field outside the imaginary outer ring is still in the configuration of the stationary charge. The electric field inside the imaginary inner ring is in the configuration of the uniformly moving charge. Within the inner and outer ring, the electric field lines, which cannot break, must transition from the inner configuration to the outer configuration. This transition region propagates outward at the speed of light and, as you can see from the diagram, the electric field lines in the transition region are (more or less) transverse to the direction of propagation.