The oxygen is in the dissolved state in the water of the aquatic reserves. In the submerged plants, there are structures through which the water is taken in. The water can freely move in the spaces of the aerenchymal cells in the aquatic plants. The water is circulated in the aerenchyma cells and the oxygen which is dissolved in the water is used for respiration. The carbon dioxide which is required for photosynthesis, obtained by the same process of circulation of water.